当前，中美关系正处在企稳向好关键阶段，两国外交、经济、军事等领域沟通渐次展开，双方禁毒合作、人工智能议题沟通也在紧锣密鼓推进。而就在中美双方积极落实“旧金山愿景”之际，美国中情局局长伯恩斯近期在《外交事务》上以“间谍与治国之道”为题撰文称，中情局已投入更多资源用于对华情报收集、分析和行动，过去两年对华工作预算增加一倍多，正在招聘培训更多会讲中文的雇员，要将对抗中国拓展到中情局的每个角落。
Atpresent,theChina-USrelationshipisatacriticalstageofstabilizationandimprovement.Communicationindiplomatic,economic,militaryandotherfieldsbetweenthetwocountriesisgraduallyexpanding.Bilateralcooperationindrugcontrolandartificialintelligenceexchangesarealsoinfullswing.WhileChinaandtheUnitedStatesareactivelyimplementingtheSanFranciscoVision,WilliamBurns,thedirectorofCIA,inarecentarticleonForeignAffairstitledSpycraftandStatecraft,saidthatCIAhascommittedsubstantiallymoreresourcestowardChina-relatedintelligencecollection,operationsandanalysisaroundtheworld,morethandoublingthepercentageofitsoverallbudgetfocusedonChinaoverjustthelasttwoyears.CIAishiringandtrainingmoreMandarinspeakers,expandingtheconfrontationagainstChinatoeverycorneroftheagency.
实际上，这已不是这位全球最大间谍组织负责人首次大放厥词、“不打自招”。近年来，美国一面“发动情报战”、不遗余力加强对华间谍窃密，一面又“恶人先告状”，大肆抹黑中国的正当防卫之举、企图塑造《反间谍法》“恶法”形象。这是典型的“只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯”，背后充斥着美式霸权思维、霸道做派、霸凌行径。
Asamatteroffact,itisnotthefirsttimethedirectorofCIAwhichisthelargestspyagencyacrosstheglobehasmadesuchoutrageousstatementsor"freelyadmitteditsguilt".Inrecentyears,theUSA,ontheonehand,startedintelligencewars,sparingnoeffortstostepupitsespionageagainstChinaand,ontheotherhand,"broughtsuitagainstitsvictims",scandalouslysmearingChina'sjustifiabledefenseandtryingtomisrepresenttheCounterespionageLawofPRCasan"evillaw".Itisnothingbutthat"onemaystealahorsewhileanothermaynotlookoverthehedge"oranothertypicalcaseofhegemonic,domineering,andbullyingpracticesoftheUSA.
先“剑指中国”，全力加强对华情报窃密
Firstly,targetingChina,
redoublingintelligence
gatheringagainstChina.
早在2021年2月中情局局长提名确认听证会上，伯恩斯就宣称“与中国竞争将是今后几十年里我们国家安全的关键”。走马上任后，其立即将“中国”作为工作重点，把更多资源用于强化对华情报工作。2021年10月，中情局成立唯一一个以国家命名的“中国任务中心”，把“对付苏联的方法用在目前对中国的工作”，极具“冷战”色彩。2023年7月阿斯彭安全论坛期间，伯恩斯更是公开“炫耀”，中情局在华情报网重建已经取得进展。
AsearlyashisCIADirectorconfirmationhearingheldinFebruary,2021,Burnsclaimedthat"outcompetingChinawillbekeytoAmerica'snationalsecurityinthedecadesahead".Onceinoffice,hecouldn'twaittomakeChina"aprioritytask",committingmoreresourcestowardChina-relatedintelligencecollection.InOctober,2021,adheringtoaCold-Warmindset,CIAbuilttheChinaMissionCenter,theonlyCIAorganizationstructurenamedafteracountry,soastouseitsapproachtowardUSSRinitsChinamission.InJuly,2023,Burnseven"boasted"inpublicontheAspenSecurityForumthatCIAhadmadegreatprogressinrebuildingitsintelligencenetworkinChina.
一段时期以来，面对磨刀霍霍、剑指中国的境外间谍情报机关，中国国家安全部门严阵以待，既敢于亮剑、依法打击，接连破获公布美“功勋间谍”梁成运等多起间谍窃密案件；又持续推进反间谍工作法治化建设，全面修订完善《反间谍法》，特别是增设“安全防范”一章，更好地在法治轨道上开展反间防谍工作、营造良好发展环境。
Foraperiodoftime,ChinesenationalsecuritydepartmentshavealwaysbeenreadytotakeactionsagainstoverseasspyagenciesthreateningthenationalsecurityofChina.Foronething,relevantdepartmentshaverecentlycrackedanumberofespionagecasesincludingthecaseofJohnShing-WanLeung,a"medal-winningspy"workingfortheUSA.Foranother,moreeffortshavebeenmadetopromotetheruleoflawinrespectofthecounterespionagework.Forinstance,thecomprehensiverevisionoftheCounterespionageLaw,especiallytheadditionoftheChapter,"SecurityProtection",facilitatesChina'scounterespionageworkinthespiritoftheruleoflawandhelpscreateanevenbetterenvironmentfordevelopment.
后“倒打一耙”，极力抹黑中国修法反间
Secondly,blamingothersfortheir
ownmistakes,smearingtherevision
oftheCounterespionageLaw.
2019年4月，中情局前局长蓬佩奥在演讲时称，“我们撒谎、我们欺骗、我们偷窃，我们还有一套课程专门来教这些”，直白承认了中情局的一贯卑劣手法。近年来，美国中情局在加大对华情报工作的同时，还“恶人先告状”，或直接下场攻击抹黑，或背后喂料栽赃陷害，或利用境外媒体“带节奏”“造舆论”，苦心炮制中国修订《反间谍法》“泛化国家安全”“恶化营商环境”“任意羁押外国人”“强制收集企业数据”等虚假叙事和荒谬论调。而实际上，中国为什么要修订《反间谍法》，为什么要加强反间谍安全防范工作，或许伯恩斯局长的这篇文章就是告诉大家的“答案”。
InApril,2019,MikePompeo,formerCIADirector,saidduringaspeechthat"...Welied,wecheated,westole.Wehadentiretrainingcourses...",ablatantconfessionofthedespicablepracticesofCIA.Inrecentyears,CIAnotonlysteppedupitsintelligencecollectionagainstChinabutalso"broughtsuitagainstitsvictims"bysmearing,fabricatingchargesorusingoverseasmediasoasto"fantheflames"orto"whipuppublicopinions"againstChina.Forinstance,itcookedupsuchfalseorpreposterousnarrativesthatChina’srevisionoftheCounterespionageLawleadsto"generalizingnationalsecurity","underminingthebusinessenvironment","detainingforeignnationalsarbitrarily"or"coercivegatheringofenterprisedata".Ineffect,thisarticlebyDirectorBurnsmighthavegiventhe"reason"whyitwasnecessaryforChinatorevisetheLawandintensifyitscounterespionageefforts.
谎言重复一千遍也终究是谎言。为以正视听、增信释疑，中国立法机关、执法部门公开发表多篇官方解读文章，介绍《反间谍法》修订背景、主要内容和实践要求，取得良好成效。中国人大网公布了《反间谍法》官方英文版，以利外界理解把握。中国国家安全部微信公众号先后刊发20多篇《反间谍法》相关文稿和案例，集中回应外部关切，坚决驳斥无理抹黑。新法一施行，中国商务部立即召集美、日、韩等主要贸易伙伴的企业代表，会同有关部门宣传解读新修订的《反间谍法》，让外企更加准确了解中国的法律政策，更加坚定在华投资兴业的信心和安全感。
Alietoldathousandtimesremainsalie.Inordertoclarifythefactsanddispelmisgivingormisunderstanding,Chineselegislatureandlawenforcementagencieshavebeenkeepingupthegoodworkinpublishinganumberofarticleswhichelaboratesthebackground,contentaswellasthepracticalneedsofthelawrevision.ForabetterunderstandingofthenewCounterespionageLaw,theNationalPeople'sCongresswebsitehaspublishedtheEnglishversionofthelaw.Inresponsetotheconcernsandsmeararoundtherevision,theMinistryofStateSecurityofPRChaspublishedmorethantwentyarticlesorcasesrelatedtothelawrevisiononitsofficialWeChataccount.Upontheenactmentofthenewlaw,theMinistryofCommerceofPRCpromptlymetwithandintroducedthenewlyrevisedlawtoenterpriserepresentativesoftheUnitedStates,JapanandSouthKoreaandotherChina'smajortradepartnerssothattheymayhaveabetterunderstandingofthelawand,inreturn,haveagreatersenseofsecurityandconfidenceintheirinvestmentinChina.
终“不攻自破”，
中国一贯立场和法律本身是最好的回答
Finally,thetruthisevident,
China'sconsistentstandand
thelawitselfarethebestresponse.
近年来，在构建人类命运共同体理念的引领下，中国提出了全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，彰显了促进共同发展、维护和平稳定、推动文明进步的中国立场和中国智慧。2023年修订的《反间谍法》，既合理参考了世界各国的主要立法实例，也充分体现了中国倡导的安全理念；既坚决依法打击间谍活动，又审慎界定国家安全边界。
Inrecentyears,undertheguidanceofbuildingacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind,ChinahaslaunchedaseriesofinitiativesincludingtheGlobalDevelopmentInitiative,theGlobalSecurityInitiativeandtheGlobalCivilizationInitiative.AlltheseinitiativesmanifestedChina'sstandandwisdomintermsofpromotingcommondevelopment,safeguardingpeaceandstabilityandadvancingtheprogressofhumancivilizations.TherevisionoftheCounterespionageLawofPRCin2023,areasonablemovetofollowthecommonpracticeacrosstheworld,fullydemonstratesthesecurityconceptsthatChinaadvocates:Beingdiscreetinsettingtheboundariesofnationalsecurity,therevisedlawaimstodecisivelycrackdownuponespionage.
——“合法行为还是间谍行为”边界清晰。不针对正常商业活动、科研合作、学术交流等，不搞美国“泛化国家安全”、滥用“单边制裁”那一套。
——itoffersaclear-cutdistinctionbetweenalawfulactandespionage.Itdoesnottargetnormalbusinessactivities,scientificcooperationoracademiccommunication.ItdoesnotseekanythingliketheAmerican-style"generalizationofthenationalsecurity"orabuseof"unilateralsanctions".
——“合理管辖还是长臂管辖”对错分明。坚决反对将任何关联因素都作为滥施管辖的理由，不搞美国“最低联系原则”、践踏他国司法主权那一套。
——itclarifiesjustifiableandlong-armjurisdiction.Itstronglyopposesabuseofjurisdictionbasedonanyconnectedfactorstakenforgranted.ItdoesnotseekanythingliketheAmerican-styleruleof"minimumcontacts"thatimpairsthejudicialsovereigntyofothercountries.
——“违法行为还是犯罪行为”合理区分。根据间谍行为种类和危害程度，分别设置行政法律责任和刑事法律责任，不搞美国《经济间谍法》“一律刑事打击”那一套。
——itreasonablydistinguishesanunlawfulactfromacrime.Accordingtothetypesanddamagedegreeofespionageactivities,itstipulatesadministrativeliabilitiesandcriminalonesrespectively.Itdoesnotseekanythinglikethe"uniformcriminalpunishment"intheU.S.EconomicEspionageAct.
——“保护数据还是窃取数据”一目了然。严格限定执法机关调取数据情形、范围和保护要求，不搞美国借《爱国者法》《云法案》等国内法窃取他国数据、危害他国数据主权那一套。
——itendeavorstoprotectratherthanstealdata.Itpromulgatesstrictregulationsonthesituationswherelawenforcementdepartmentsmayaccessrelevantdataaswellastherangeandprotectionofsuchdata.ItdoesnotseekanythinglikestealingdataofothercountriesorimpairingthedatasovereigntyviadomesticlawsliketheUSAPatriotActandtheCLOUDAct.
——“保障人权还是侵犯人权”对比鲜明。坚持严格规范公正文明执法，反对“看人下菜碟”式的选择性执法，不搞美国“小黑屋”无端滋扰盘查、破坏民间正常交往那一套。
——itsafeguardsratherthanviolateshumanrights.Itupholdsfairandcivilizedlawenforcementratherthanselectivelawenforcement.Itopposestheselectivelawenforcementinthestyleof"judgingbypeople'spreferences".ItdoesnotseekanythinglikethewantoninterrogationthroughtheAmerican-style"secondaryinspection"orunderminingnormalnongovernmentalexchanges.
各国都有合理的国家安全关切，但是一国的安全不能建立在他国的不安全之上。既然美国中情局三番五次宣称要重建在华情报网、加大对华情报窃密，那我们只能坚决拿起法律武器严密防范、严厉打击。也只有这样，才能真正为那些爱好和平发展、愿意在华投资兴业的企业和人员提供健康稳定、安全放心的工作生活环境。
Althougheachcountryhasitsreasonablenationalsecurityconcerns,thesecurityofonestateshallneverbeatthecostoftheinsecurityofanotherstate.NowthatCIAhasrepeatedlyvowedtorebuilditsintelligencenetworksinChinasoastogathermoreChina-relatedintelligence,Chinahasnochoicebuttouselegalmeanstoguardagainstandcrackdownonespionageactivities.Onlyinthiswaycanwecreateasoundandsafeworkingandlivingenvironmentforthosewhoarereallypeace-lovingandwillingtoinvestinChina.
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