四种会计制度(下)
South American model. This accounting model developed in response to high in-flation in many countries. it also reflects significant government control over business accounting practices because it is geared mostly toward the reporting of taxable income. As such, accounting guidelines are strict so the governments ensure that businesses pay the tax for which they are responsible. Most countries in South America subscribe to this model, including Argentina, Brazil, and Chile.
Continental model. The main characteristic of the countries that use this model is the close relationship between business and the banks and governments of those countries. Accounting practices are legalistic and conservative, and the em-phasis is more on government policies than investor de-cision—making needs. Countries that operate under this model include Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, and Japan.
南美式:这种会计模式是应对许多国家存在的高度通货膨胀而发展起来的。它也反映出政府对企业会计操作的明显控制,因为这种模式的主要功能是报告应税收入。因此,会计准则相当严格,使政府能确保企业缴纳应付的税款。大部分南美国家采用这种模式,包括阿根廷、巴西和智利。
大陆式:采用这种模式的国家的主要特点是,企业、银行与政府之间关系密切。会计操作循规蹈矩且保守,更重视政府政策而非投资者决策之需要。采行这种模式的国家包括比利时、法国、德国、意大利、瑞典、瑞士和日本。
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